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Table 4 Logistic Regression for HbA1c

From: Social determinants of health and diabetes: using a nationally representative sample to determine which social determinant of health model best predicts diabetes risk

Independent Variable

County Health Ranking Model

(1569)

WHO Model

(1569)

Healthy People Model

(1569)

Kaiser Model

(1569)

 

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Black

3.32**

2.30–4.80

      

Other Race

2.32*

1.04–5.21

      

Gender

1.29

0.90–1.83

      

Housing

0.76

0.47–1.26

      

Employment

1.13

       

Education

0.91

0.50–1.66

      

Rely On Spouse

0.93

0.49–1.05

      

Rely On Children

0.88

0.62–1.25

      

Rely On Friends

1.03

0.64–1.65

      

Community Safety

1.10

0.64–1.87

      

Income

1.59*

1.10–2.30

      

Black

  

4.08**

2.74–6.06

    

Other Race

  

2.28

0.96–5.43

    

Gender

  

1.55*

1.08–2.23

    

Political Context

  

0.97

0.64–1.48

    

 Social Class

  

0.91

0.83–1.02

    

 Education

  

0.91

0.49–1.63

    

 Work Status

  

1.12

0.68–1.85

    

 Income

  

1.33

0.90–1.98

    

 Social gather

  

1.12

0.97–1.29

    

 Social neighbor

  

0.99

0.85–1.16

    

 Housing

  

0.74

0.45–1.23

    

 Discrimination

  

0.98

0.92–1.04

    

 Health Access

  

1.31

0.87–1.93

    

 Black

    

3.84**

2.62–5.63

  

 Other Race

    

2.49*

1.11–5.62

  

 Gender

    

1.47*

1.02–2.14

  

 Employment

    

1.13

0.69–1.88

  

 Housing

    

0.64

0.40–1.04

  

 Poverty

    

1.56*

1.06–2.29

  

 Higher Ed

    

0.82

0.52–1.30

  

 HS Grad

    

0.94

0.46–1.89

  

 Literacy

    

2.92**

1.49–5.71

  

 Health Access

    

1.23

0.82–1.85

  

 Social Cohesion

    

1.13

0.98–1.30

  

Social Cohesion-Neighbor

    

1.02

0.87–1.17

  

 Discrimination

    

1.00

0.94–1.07

  

 Arrest History

    

0.63*

0.42–0.96

  

Community Safety

    

1.15

0.66–2.01

  

Engaged Citizen-Vote

    

0.80

0.53–1.23

  

Engaged Citizen-Volunteer

    

1.04

0.72–1.15

  

 Black

      

4.81**

3.02–7.65

 Other Race

      

1.76

0.93–3.34

 Gender

      

1.38

0.92–2.06

 Employment

      

1.42

0.79–2.51

 Poverty

      

1.43

0.93–2.19

 Housing

      

0.83

0.46–1.48

 Debt

      

0.78

0.53–1.16

 Literacy

      

3.60**

1.74–7.27

 HS Grad

      

0.95

0.44–2.02

 Higher Ed

      

1.09

0.63–1.86

 Voc Training

      

1.19

0.66–2.14

 Social Gather

      

1.16

0.98–1.36

 Social Neighbor

      

1.05

0.88–1.23

 Open Up-Spouse

      

1.29

0.60–2.77

 Open Up-Children

      

0.99

0.61–1.63

 Open Up-Friend

      

0.72

0.37–1.45

 Open Up-Family

      

0.96

0.53–1.71

 Rely On-Spouse

      

0.58

0.27–1.25

 Rely On-Children

      

0.91

0.54–1.52

 Rely On-Friend

      

1.16

0.62–2.21

 Community-Vote

      

0.97

0.60–1.57

Community- Volunteer

      

1.20

0.81–1.79

 Discrimination

      

0.96

0.89–1.04

 Stress

      

0.90

0.74–1.10

 Housing

      

0.83

0.46–1.48

Neighborhood Safety

      

1.19

0.67–2.16

 Health Access

      

1.24

0.72–2.11

 Provider Availability

      

1.08

0.69–1.70

 Healthcare Quality

      

1.81***

1.47–2.23

 Political Context

      

1.06

0.67–1.66

Wald χ2

68.47**

72.85**

72.76**

107.36**

Naglekerke R [2]

.09

.10

.09

.17

  1. *p < .05, **p < .01