Table 2 Baseline characteristics of patients treated with lispro, aspart and glulisine
Lispro (n = 1986) | Aspart (n = 14,501) | Glulisine (n = 1133) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years (SD) | 60.8 (12.9) | 60.9 (12.4) | 63.2 (10.8) |
Age 65 years or older, n (%) | 1861 (43.4%) | 6082 (41.9%) | 558 (49.2%) |
Female, n (%) | 796 (40.1) | 5460 (37.7) | 445 (39.3) |
Diabetes duration, years (SD) | 10.8 (8.2) | 9.9 (8.1) | 11.7 (7.6) |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L (SD) | 4.7 (1.1) | 4.7 (1.1) | 4.6 (1.1) |
Triglycerides, mmol/L (SD) | 2.2 (1.5) | 2.2 (1.5) | 2.2 (1.7) |
HDL, mmol/L (SD) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) |
HbA1c, mmol/mol (SD) | 70.9 (17.0) | 69.6 (16.6) | 70.4 (16.6) |
BMI, kg/m2 (SD) | 30.5 (4.9) | 30.5 (4.9) | 30.6 (5.1) |
Systolic BP, mmHg (SD) | 134.6 (15.7) | 136.0 (16.7) | 135.8 (15.7) |
Diastolic BP, mmHg (SD) | 76.7 (9.7) | 76.9 (9.8) | 76.1 (9.9) |
Serum creatinine, x (SD) | 82.7 (33.8) | 84.6 (38.4) | 83.9 (32.7) |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 (SD) | 83.5 (36.2) | 82.3 (29.1) | 81.5 (27.7) |
Renal impairment, n (%) | 911 (45.9%) | 5924 (40.9%) | 612 (54.0%) |
Smokers, n (%) | 164 (14.1%) | 1176 (15.5%) | 101 (12.8%) |
Higher education, n (%) | 405 (20.7%) | 2531 (17.7%) | 206 (18.5%) |
Physical inactivity, n (%) | 307 (30.8%) | 2052 (31.7%) | 196 (28.7%) |
Oral hypoglycemic agent, n (%) | |||
Metformin | 1433 (72.2%) | 9805 (67.6%) | 865 (76.3%) |
Sulphonylurea/meglitinide | 672 (33.8%) | 5316 (36.7%) | 514 (45.4)) |
Thiazolidindione | 97 (4.9%) | 822 (5.7%) | 87 (7.7%) |
DPP-4 inhibitor | 149 (7.5%) | 656 (4.5%) | 102 (9.0%) |
Acarbose | 27 (1.4%) | 201 (1.4%) | 22 (1.9%) |
GLP-1 receptor agonist | 104 (5.2%) | 324 (2.2%) | 63 (5.6%) |
Insulin pump (CSII), n (%) | 5 (0.6%) | 6 (0.1%) | 1 (0.2%) |
Other insulin, n (%) | 1865 (93.9%) | 13,780 (95.0%) | 1090 (96.2%) |
Lipid-lowering agent, n (%) | 1282 (64.6%) | 9149 (63.1%) | 841 (74,2%) |
History of …, n (%) | |||
Ischemic heart disease | 204 (12.1%) | 1561 (10.8%) | 123 (10.9%) |
Atrial fibrillation | 167 (8.4%) | 1306 (9.0%) | 82 (7.2%) |
Myocardial infarction | 182 (9.2%) | 1344 (9.3%) | 108 (9.5%) |
Unstable angina | 298 (15.0%) | 2032 (14.0%) | 163 (14.4%) |
PCI | 176 (8.9%) | 1145 (7.9%) | 83 (7.3%) |
CABG | 95 (4.8%) | 750 (5.2%) | 52 (4.6%) |
Peripheral vascular disease | 41 (2.1%) | 469 (3.2%) | 27 (2.4%) |
Stroke | 106 (5.3%) | 693 (4.8%) | 44 (3.9%) |
Congestive heart failure | 158 (8.0%) | 1187 (8.2%) | 71 (6.3%) |
Hypoglycaemia | 39 (2.0%) | 306 (2.1%) | 24 (2.1%) |
Hyperglycaemia | 64 (3.2%) | 516 (3.6%) | 30 (2.6%) |