Table 3 Summary of relative risk estimates (RR) (95 % CIs) for cohort studies that assess the association between depression and risk of MetS by gender, study population, continent, depression scales, MetS scales, and Age.
| Subgroup | Number of studies | Summary Relative Risk (95 % CI) | Between studies | Between subgroups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2 | P heterogeneity | Q | Q | P heterogeneity | |||
|
Gender Female Male Both |
7 3 11 |
1.55 (1.23–1.94) 1.54 (1.11– 2.14) 1.23 (0.99–1.53) |
89.04 % 93.61 % 94.47 % |
< 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 |
59.64 31.28 89.61 | 2.40 | 0.30 |
|
Continents America Europe |
9 12 |
1.46 (1.16–1.84) 1.28 (0.95–1.73) |
98.51 % 92.41 % |
< 0.001 < 0.001 | 99.79 95.84 | 0.45 | 0.50 |
|
Depression Scales BDI CES-D Interview& DM Other |
5 8 5 3 |
1.50 (1.02–2.20) 1.34 (1.11–1.61) 1.45 (1.05–2.00) 1.10 (0.77 – 1.56) |
91.39 % 77.66 % 99.21 % 38.96 % |
< 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.19 |
46.48 31.34 98.27 3.28 | 1.81 | 0.61 |
|
MetS Scales ATP III IDF |
19 2 |
1.41 (1.18–1.69) 1.13 (1.01–1.27) |
96.94 % 14.80 % |
< 0.001 0.28 |
588.0 1.17 | 4.14 | 0.04 |
|
Study Population General Patients Other |
19 1 1 |
1.46 (1.33–1.60) - - |
97.78 % - - |
< 0.001 - - |
810.7 - - | 1.32 | 0.52 |
|
Age ≤ 50 Year > 50 Year |
11 2 |
1.30 (1.13–1.49) 1.21 (1.13–1.44) |
84.26 % 0.00 % |
< 0.001 0.49 |
63.54 0.47 | 0.34 | 0.59 |