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Table 2 Change in Clinical Metrics: Baseline vs. 90 Days

From: Type 2 diabetes reversal with digital twin technology-enabled precision nutrition and staging of reversal: a retrospective cohort study

 

N

Baseline

Mean (SD)

90 Days

Mean (SD)

% Change

P-value

HbA1c (%)

204

8.9 (1.8)

7.0 (0.9)

−21.2%

< 0.001

HOMA2-B

237

55.1 (38.6)

57.6 (33.3)

4.5%

0.37

HOMA2-IR

237

2.3 (1.7)

1.5 (0.8)

−35.3%

< 0.001

ALT (u/L)

239

32.5 (17.7)

30.7 (32.4)

−5.8%

0.39

BMI (kg/m2)

250

28.3 (4.9)

26.5 (4.6)

−6.3%

< 0.001

Weight (kg)

247

78.0 (14.5)

72.8 (13.3)

−6.7%

< 0.001

10-Year ASCVD Risk

179

12.2% (12.2%)

10.6% (11.0%)

−12.7%

< 0.001

eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2)

239

102.2 (18.3)

104.0 (15.3)

1.7%

0.03

Total WBC Count (cells/mm3)

242

7764.9 (1746.7)

7405.7 (1719.9)

−4.6%

< 0.001

Testosterone (Male) (ng/dL)

109

396.1 (183.1)

453.4 (165.4)

14.5%

< 0.001

  1. SD Standard deviation, HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, BMI body mass index, HOMA2-B and HOMA2-IR Homoeostatic model assessment 2 estimates of β-cell function and insulin resistance, ASCVD Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, WBC White blood cell