Articles

Identification of population characteristics through implementation of the Comprehensive Diabetic Retinopathy Program

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of blindness in working-age adults. Characteristics of patients with diabetes presenting to a retina subspecialty clinic have not been adequately studied, limiting...

Authors: Nish Patel, Lilia Verchinina, Michele Wichorek, Thomas W. Gardner, Dorene Markel, Jennifer Wyckoff and Anjali R. Shah

Global epidemiology of prediabetes - present and future perspectives

Prediabetes is defined as an intermediate state of hyperglycaemia with glucose levels above the normal state but below the diagnostic levels of diabetes. It is increasingly recognised as an important metabolic...

Authors: Ulrike Hostalek

Diagnosis of acquired generalized lipodystrophy in a single patient with T-cell lymphoma and no exposure to Metreleptin

Metreleptin, a recombinant methionyl -human -leptin, was approved to treat patients with generalized lipodystrophy (GL) in February 2014. However, leptin therapy has been associated with the development of lym...

Authors: Nazanene H. Esfandiari, Melvyn Rubenfire, Adam H. Neidert, Rita Hench, Abdelwahab Jalal Eldin, Rasimcan Meral and Elif A. Oral

Transition from pediatric to adult care in emerging adults with type 1 diabetes: a blueprint for effective receivership

For adolescents and emerging adults, the transition from pediatrics to adult care is fraught with challenges both inside and outside the clinical arena, including assuming independent care for diabetes, workin...

Authors: Jennifer Iyengar, Inas H. Thomas and Scott A. Soleimanpour

Understanding the manifestation of diabetes in sub Saharan Africa to inform therapeutic approaches and preventive strategies: a narrative review

Globally, the burden of diabetes mellitus has increased to epidemic proportions. Estimates from the International Diabetes Federation predict that the greatest future increase in the prevalence of diabetes mel...

Authors: Davis Kibirige, William Lumu, Angus G. Jones, Liam Smeeth, Andrew T. Hattersley and Moffat J. Nyirenda

Spectrum of immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced endocrinopathies in cancer patients: a scoping review of case reports

Since 2011 six immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been approved to treat patients with many advanced solid tumor and hematological malignancies to improve their prognosis. Case reports of their endocrine ...

Authors: Meng H. Tan, Ravi Iyengar, Kara Mizokami-Stout, Sarah Yentz, Mark P. MacEachern, Li Yan Shen, Bruce Redman and Roma Gianchandani

Type 1 diabetes and hyperthyroidism in a family with celiac disease after exposure to gluten: a rare case report

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder related to the gluten and can be also associated with some other endocrine disorders such as type 1 diabetes and thyroid disease. Gluten exposure in CD may have es...

Authors: Azita Ganji and Meysam Moghbeli

Cushing’s syndrome with no clinical stigmata – a variant of glucocorticoid resistance syndrome

Cortisol resistance syndrome is a very rare condition characterized by high cortisol levels, but without any clinical features of Cushing’s syndrome. Our objective is to present such a case.

Authors: Ved V. Gossain, Mohammad El-Rifai, Preethi Krishnan and Bhavini Bhavsar

A new model for diabetes-focused capacity building – lessons from Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka is experiencing a rapid increase in the number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) due to population growth and aging. Physician shortages, outdated technology, and insufficient health education ha...

Authors: Anjan K. Saha, Naresh Gunaratnam, Rashmi Patil, Monica Choo, Devika P. Bagchi, Ekta Jhaveri, Jennifer Wyckoff, Ganeika Bahu, Ulysses Balis, Paul Clyde and William H. Herman

Level of adherence to dietary recommendations and barriers among type 2 diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study in an Ethiopian hospital

Limited data are available regarding the level of adherence and barriers to dietary recommendations in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Africa including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing th...

Authors: Asnakew Achaw Ayele, Yohannes Kelifa Emiru, Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh, Belete Achamyelew Ayele, Alemayehu Digssie Gebremariam and Henok Getachew Tegegn

Efficacy of radioactive iodine treatment of graves’ hyperthyroidism using a single calculated ¹³¹I dose

To evaluate the success rate of therapeutic administration of a single calculated ¹³¹I activity for eliminating hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease.

Authors: Ka Kit Wong, Barry L. Shulkin, Milton D. Gross and Anca M. Avram

How is neighborhood social disorganization associated with diabetes outcomes? A multilevel investigation of glycemic control and self-reported use of acute or emergency health care services

Diabetes management is influenced by a number of factors beyond the individual-level. This study examined how neighborhood social disorganization (i.e., neighborhoods characterized by high economic disadvantag...

Authors: Sarah D. Kowitt, Katrina E. Donahue, Edwin B. Fisher, Madeline Mitchell and Laura A. Young

Growth hormone: isoforms, clinical aspects and assays interference

The measurement of circulating concentrations of growth hormone (GH) is an indispensable tool in the diagnosis of both GH deficiency and GH excess. GH is a heterogeneous protein composed of several molecular i...

Authors: Júnia Ribeiro de Oliveira Longo Schweizer, Antônio Ribeiro-Oliveira Jr and Martin Bidlingmaier

The journey continues in Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology

Authors: Ariel Barkan, Roma Gianchandani and Meng H. Tan

Current treatment strategies for patients with advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs)

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare neoplasms, with an estimated annual incidence of ~ 6.9/100,000. NETs arise throughout the body from cells of the diffuse endocrine system. More than half originate from en...

Authors: Inbal Uri and Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg

Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma in Neurofibromatosis type 1: frequent surgeries and cardiovascular crises indicate the need for screening

Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas (PCC/PGL) are rare endocrine tumors that are mostly benign, but often hormone producing, causing significant morbidity and mortality due to excess catecholamine secretion a...

Authors: Elisabeth Joye Petr and Tobias Else

Weight loss and bone mineral density in obese adults: a longitudinal analysis of the influence of very low energy diets

The long-term effect of weight reduction on skeletal health is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an intensive medical weight loss intervention using very low energy di...

Authors: Palak Choksi, Amy Rothberg, Andrew Kraftson, Nicole Miller, Katherine Zurales, Charles Burant, Catherine Van Poznak and Mark Peterson

Rare Clinical Entity: Metastatic malignant struma ovarii diagnosed during pregnancy – Lessons for management

Malignant struma ovarii is an ovarian teratoma containing at least 50% thyroid tissue which has the potential to metastasize and produce thyroid hormone. Given its rarity, management strategies are not well-es...

Authors: Corey J. Lager, Ronald J. Koenig, Richard W. Lieberman and Anca M. Avram

The challenges of diagnosing osteoporosis and the limitations of currently available tools

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was the first imaging tool widely utilized by clinicians to assess fracture risk, especially in postmenopausal women. The development of DXA nearly coincided with the ava...

Authors: Palak Choksi, Karl J. Jepsen and Gregory A. Clines

Liraglutide and Dulaglutide therapy in addition to SGLT-2 inhibitor and metformin treatment in Indian type 2 diabetics: a real world retrospective observational study

Therapy for Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been transformed by the introduction of newer agents like Glucagon like Peptide Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RA) and Sodium-glucose linked transporter inhibitors (SGLT2i). Howe...

Authors: S. Ghosal and B. Sinha

Characteristics of insulin-Naïve people with type 2 diabetes who successfully respond to insulin glargine U100 after 24 weeks of treatment: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from 3 randomized clinical trials

To identify baseline/clinical characteristics associated with clinically meaningful responses to insulin glargine 100 U/mL (IGlar) in insulin-naive people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Authors: M. H. Cummings, D. Cao, I. Hadjiyianni, L. L. Ilag and M. H. Tan

Diabetes mellitus and bone health: epidemiology, etiology and implications for fracture risk stratification

Skeletal fractures can result when there are co-morbid conditions that negatively impact bone strength. Fractures represent an important source of morbidity and mortality, especially in older populations. Diab...

Authors: Rodrigo J. Valderrábano and Maria I. Linares

Insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes – are we there yet? The d-Nav® story

Insulin replacement therapy is mostly used by patients with type 2 diabetes who become insulin deficient and have failed other therapeutic options. They comprise about a quarter of those with diabetes, endures...

Authors: I. Hodish

Patterns of physical activity in sedentary older individuals with type 2 diabetes

The Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) survey, summarized into weekly caloric expenditures, is a common physical activity (PA) assessment tool among older adults. Specific types of...

Authors: Pearl G. Lee, Jinkyung Ha, Caroline S. Blaum, Kimberlee Gretebeck and Neil B. Alexander

Potential association of LMNA-associated generalized lipodystrophy with juvenile dermatomyositis

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is an auto-immune muscle disease which presents with skin manifestations and muscle weakness. At least 10% of the patients with JDM present with acquired lipodystrophy. Laminopat...

Authors: Melis Sahinoz, Shafaq Khairi, Ashley Cuttitta, Graham F. Brady, Amit Rupani, Rasimcan Meral, Marwan K. Tayeh, Peedikayil Thomas, Meredith Riebschleger, Sandra Camelo-Piragua, Jeffrey W. Innis, M. Bishr Omary, Daniel E. Michele and Elif A. Oral

Determinants of hospitalization in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes receiving a peer support intervention and JADE integrated care: the PEARL randomised controlled trial

In a randomized controlled trial of 628 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes receiving multidisciplinary care in the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) Progam, 372 were randomized to receive additional tel...

Authors: Roseanne O. Yeung, Jing-Heng Cai, Yuying Zhang, Andrea O. Luk, Jun-Hao Pan, Junmei Yin, Risa Ozaki, Alice P. S. Kong, Ronald Ma, Wing-Yee So, Chiu Chi Tsang, K. P. Lau, Edwin Fisher, Williams Goggins, Brian Oldenburg and Julianna Chan

Graves’ hyperthyroidism in pregnancy: a clinical review

Graves’ hyperthyroidism affects 0.2% of pregnant women. Establishing the correct diagnosis and effectively managing Graves’ hyperthyroidism in pregnancy remains a challenge for physicians.

Authors: Caroline T. Nguyen, Elizabeth B. Sasso, Lorayne Barton and Jorge H. Mestman

Why do endocrine profiles in elite athletes differ between sports?

Endocrine profiles have been measured on blood samples obtained immediately post-competition from 693 elite athletes from 15 Olympic Sports competing at National or International level; four were subsequently ...

Authors: Peter H. Sönksen, Richard I. G. Holt, Walailuck Böhning, Nishan Guha, David A. Cowan, Christiaan Bartlett and Dankmar Böhning

Subcutaneous glucagon infusion and continuous glucose monitoring enable effective management of hypoglycemia in a patient with IGF-2-producing hemangiopericytoma

Ectopic insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-2 production is a rare complication of an array of epithelial and mesenchymal tumors, and can clinically manifest as life-threatening hypoglycemia.

Authors: Eric D. Buras, Emily Weatherup and Jennifer Wyckoff

The association of depression and diabetes across methods, measures, and study contexts

Empirical research has revealed a positive relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression, but questions remain regarding timing of depression measurement, types of instruments used to measure de...

Authors: Jaimie C. Hunter, Brenda M. DeVellis, Joanne M. Jordan, M. Sue Kirkman, Laura A. Linnan, Christine Rini and Edwin B. Fisher

Perspectives on the impact of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in a multicultural population

Since few studies have characterized painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (pDPN) symptoms in multicultural populations, this study fielded a survey to better understand pDPN and its impact in African-America...

Authors: Martin Eichholz, Andrea H. Alexander, Joseph C. Cappelleri, Patrick Hlavacek, Bruce Parsons, Alesia Sadosky and Michael M. Tuchman

Latent autoimmune diabetes of adulthood: case report

Primary care clinicians will see a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes in adult patients, and the diagnosis and management of an initial presentation of type 1 diabetes can pose challenges to clinicians who se...

Authors: Cristen P. Page, Brian Fitzgerald and Emily M. Hawes

Acute pseudogout of the foot following Parathyroidectomy: a case report

The current case report is the first in the literature to report the association between parathyroidectomy and an episode of probable pseudogout in the foot in a patient with diabetes mellitus.

Authors: Sari Priesand, Jennifer Wyckoff, James Wrobel and Brian Schmidt

Diabetic retinopathy: research to clinical practice

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of visual impairment in the United States. The CDC estimates that the prevalence of DR will triple from 2005 to 2050.

Authors: Anjali R. Shah and Thomas W. Gardner

A clinician’s guide to understanding resistance to thyroid hormone due to receptor mutations in the TRα and TRβ isoforms

There are two genes that express the major thyroid hormone receptor isoforms. Mutations in both these genes have given rise to Resistance to Thyroid Hormone (RTH) syndromes (RTHβ, RTHα) that can have variable ...

Authors: Brijesh K. Singh and Paul M. Yen

Temporal changes in frequency of severe hypoglycemia treated by emergency medical services in types 1 and 2 diabetes: a population-based data-linkage cohort study

Almost 20 years ago, the frequencies of severe hypoglycemia requiring emergency medical treatment were reported in people with types 1 and 2 diabetes in the Tayside region of Scotland. With subsequent improvem...

Authors: Huan Wang, Peter T. Donnan, Callum J. Leese, Edward Duncan, David Fitzpatrick, Brian M. Frier and Graham P. Leese

Renin Angiotensin system-modifying therapies are associated with improved pulmonary health

Pulmonary diseases are often complicated and have diverse etiologies. One common factor is the lack of therapeutics available for these diseases. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of Renin-A...

Authors: Maira Soto, Soo I. Bang, Jeff McCombs and Kathleen E. Rodgers

Clinical effects, cardiovascular and renal outcomes associated with rapid-acting insulin analogs among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a nation-wide observational cohort study

Rapid-acting insulin analogs (RAIs) have not been examined for long-term safety in randomized clinical trials. We performed a nationwide longitudinal cohort study among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) ...

Authors: Ann-Marie Svensson, Mervete Miftaraj, Stefan Franzén and Björn Eliasson

Peer support of complex health behaviors in prevention and disease management with special reference to diabetes: systematic reviews

Examine Peer Support (PS) for complex, sustained health behaviors in prevention or disease management with emphasis on diabetes prevention and management.

Authors: Edwin B. Fisher, Renée I. Boothroyd, Emily A. Elstad, Laura Hays, Amy Henes, Gary R. Maslow and Clayton Velicer

The relationship between diabetes mellitus and 30-day readmission rates

It is estimated that 9.3% of the population in the United States have diabetes mellitus (DM), 28% of which are undiagnosed. The high prevalence of DM makes it a common comorbid condition in hospitalized patien...

Authors: Stephanie Ostling, Jennifer Wyckoff, Scott L. Ciarkowski, Chih-Wen Pai, Hae Mi Choe, Vinita Bahl and Roma Gianchandani

Physician knowledge of a rare foot condition – influence of diabetic patient population on self-described knowledge and treatment

Charcot neuroarthopathy (CN), a rare foot and ankle condition usually complicating diabetes mellitus, leads to deformity, poor quality of life, and increased mortality and morbidity. The prevalence of this con...

Authors: Brian M. Schmidt, James S Wrobel and Crystal M. Holmes

Diabetes and its drivers: the largest epidemic in human history?

The “Diabesity” epidemic (obesity and type 2 diabetes) is likely to be the biggest epidemic in human history. Diabetes has been seriously underrated as a global public health issue and the world can no longer ...

Authors: Paul Z. Zimmet

Can a single interactive seminar durably improve knowledge and confidence of hospital diabetes management?

Safe and effective diabetes management in the hospital is challenging. Inadequate knowledge has been identified by trainees as a key barrier. In this study we assess both the short-term and long-term impact of...

Authors: Timothy W. Bodnar, Jennifer J. Iyengar, Preethi V. Patil and Roma Y. Gianchandani

Update on thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy with a special emphasis on the ocular surface

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a condition associated with a wide spectrum of ocular changes, usually in the context of the autoimmune syndrome, Graves’ disease. In this topical review, we attempte...

Authors: Priscila Novaes, Ana Beatriz Diniz Grisolia and Terry J. Smith

Challenges in diagnosis and management of diabetes in the young

The prevalence of diabetes in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide, with profound implications on the long-term health of individuals, societies, and nations. The diagnosis and management of diabet...

Authors: Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Viral N. Shah and Viswanathan Mohan

Thyroid nodule update on diagnosis and management

Thyroid nodules are common. The clinical importance of thyroid nodules is related to excluding malignancy (4.0 to 6.5% of all thyroid nodules), evaluate their functional status and assess for the presence of p...

Authors: Shrikant Tamhane and Hossein Gharib

Update on medical treatment for Cushing’s disease

Cushing’s disease (CD) is the most common cause of endogenous Cushing’s syndrome (CS). The goal of treatment is to rapidly control cortisol excess and achieve long-term remission, to reverse the clinical featu...

Authors: Daniel Cuevas-Ramos, Dawn Shao Ting Lim and Maria Fleseriu

Hypophysitis: Evaluation and Management

Hypophysitis is the acute or chronic inflammation of the pituitary gland. The spectrum of hypophysitis has expanded in recent years with the addition of two histologic subtypes and recognition as a complicatio...

Authors: Alexander Faje

Diabetes and other endocrine-metabolic abnormalities in the long-term follow-up of pancreas transplantation

Pancreas transplantation (PTX) has been demonstrated to restore long-term glucose homeostasis beyond what can be achieved by intensive insulin therapy or islet transplants. Moreover, PTX has been shown to decr...

Authors: Marcio W Lauria and Antonio Ribeiro-Oliveira Jr

Screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus – relevance to low and middle income countries

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy. Ever since the first systematic evaluation of the oral glucose tolerance test by O’Sullivan and colleagues wa...

Authors: B. Bhavadharini, R. Uma, P. Saravanan and V. Mohan