Table 3 Clinical related characteristics of diabetic patients at Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Ethiopia, 2020 (n = 282)
From: Determinants of diabetic retinopathy in Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Ethiopia: a case–control study
Variable | Category | Cases | Controls |
|---|---|---|---|
Number (%) | Number (%) | ||
Type of DM | Type I | 56 (39.4) | 56 (40.0) |
Type II | 86 (60.6) | 84 (60.0) | |
Duration of DM | < 5 years | 12 (8.5) | 82 (58.6) |
5–10 years | 26 (18.3) | 31 (22.1) | |
11–15 years | 30 (21.1) | 15 (10.7) | |
> 15 years | 74 (52.1) | 12 (8.6) | |
Family history of DM | Yes | 42 (29.6) | 43 (30.7) |
No | 100 (70.4) | 97 (69.3) | |
Glycemic control | Good | 33 (23.2) | 107 (76.4) |
Poor | 109 (76.8) | 33 (23.6) | |
Hemoglobin level | < 11 mg/dl | 38 (26.8) | 31 (22.1) |
≥ 11 mg/dl | 104 (73.2) | 109 (77.9) | |
SBP | < 140 mmHg | 40 (28.2) | 116 (82.9) |
≥ 140 mmHg | 102 (71.8) | 24 (17.1) | |
DBP | < 90 mmHg | 84 (59.2) | 89 (63.6) |
≥ 90 mmHg | 58 (40.8) | 51 (36.4) | |
BUN | < 6 mg/dl | 47 (33.1) | 23 (16.4) |
6–31 mg/dl | 69 (48.6) | 96 (68.6) | |
> 31 mg/dl | 26 (18.3) | 21 (15.0) | |
Creatinine | > 1.2 mg/dl | 73 (51.4) | 44 (31.4) |
≤ 1.2 mg/dl | 69 (48.6) | 96 (68.6) | |
Hyperlipidemia | Yes | 65 (45.8) | 28 (20.0) |
No | 77 (54.2) | 112 (80.0) | |
Neuropathy | Yes | 41 (28.9) | 25 (17.9) |
No | 101 (71.1) | 115 (82.1) | |
Nephropathy | Yes | 55 (38.7) | 21 (15.0) |
No | 87 (61.3) | 119 (85.0) | |
Treatment modality | Injection/insulin | 54 (38.0) | 55 (39.3) |
Oral hypoglycemic | 65 (45.8) | 52 (37.1) | |
Both insulin and oral hypoglycemic | 16 (11.3) | 15 (10.7) | |
Diet or exercise | 7 (4.9) | 18 (12.9) | |
History of cataract surgery | Yes | 16 (11.3) | 11 (7.9) |
No | 126 (88.7) | 129 (92.1) | |
BMI | Underweight | 18 (12.7) | 14 (10.0) |
Normal | 48 (33.8) | 79 (56.4) | |
Overweight | 20 (14.1) | 15 (10.7) | |
Obesity | 56 (39.4) | 32 (22.9) |