From: Sociodemographic variables associated with risk for diabetic retinopathy
 | Univariable (#Obs = 11,437) (#Subjs = 3470) | Multivariable (#Obs = 10,351) (#Subjs = 3452) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Effect | n Used | #Subjs | Estimate [95% CI] | p-value | Estimate [95% CI] | p-value |
Age at visit | 10,363 | 3470 | 0.25 [0.20, 0.29] | < 0.001 | 0.25 [0.20, 0.30] | < 0.001 |
Female sex | 10,363 | 3470 | 0.04 [-1.35, 1.42] | 0.96 | -0.51 [-1.88, 0.87] | 0.47 |
Income | 10,363 | 3470 |  | < 0.001 |  | 0.02 |
Low (≤ Q1) vs High (≥ Q3) |  |  | 4.56 [2.63, 6.49] | < 0.001 | 2.56 [0.60, 4.52] | 0.01 |
Medium (Q1, Q3) vs High (≥ Q3) |  |  | 1.16 [-0.53, 2.85] | 0.18 | 0.43 [-1.25, 2.11] | 0.62 |
Race | 10,352 | 3457 |  | < 0.001 |  | < 0.001 |
Black vs Whie |  |  | 6.85 [4.96, 8.75] | < 0.001 | 6.35 [4.42, 8.28] | < 0.001 |
Unknown/other/mixed vs White |  |  | -1.72 [-3.94, 0.52] | 0.13 | -3.31 [-5.63, -0.99] | < 0.01 |
Ethnicity | 10,352 | 3453 |  | < 0.001 |  | < 0.001 |
Non-Hispanic vs Hispanic |  |  | -6.08 [-9.86, -2.30] | < 0.01 | -7.86 [-11.81, -3.92] | < 0.001 |
Unknown/refused vs Hispanic | Â | Â | -2.89 [-7.55, 1.78] | 0.23 | -4.01 [-8.75, 0.72] | 0.10 |
Payor | 10,363 | 3470 |  | < 0.01 |  | 0.02 |
BCBS vs Other commercial | Â | Â | -1.36 [-3.10, 0.37] | 0.12 | -1.14 [-2.87, 0.58] | 0.19 |
BCN vs Other commercial | Â | Â | 0.04 [-1.75, 1.82] | 0.97 | 0.15 [-1.63, 1.92] | 0.87 |
Medicaid vs Other commercial | Â | Â | 2.94 [-0.55, 6.43] | 0.10 | 2.68 [-0.81, 6.16] | 0.13 |
Medicare vs Other commercial | Â | Â | 1.29 [-0.33, 2.91] | 0.12 | 1.28 [-0.33, 2.89] | 0.12 |