Table 5 Longitudinal analysis of vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR)

Days from first visit

1.00 [1.00, 1.00]

< 0.001

Baseline age

11,433

3470

0.96 [0.95, 0.96]

< 0.001

0.96 [0.96, 0.97]

< 0.001

Female sex

11,433

3470

0.89 [0.73, 1.07]

0.21

0.98 [0.76, 1.25]

0.84

A1c (LOCF)

5085

1973

1.26 [1.18, 1.34]

< 0.001

1.17 [1.09, 1.25]

< 0.001

BMI

9132

2675

1.01 [0.99, 1.02]

0.41

0.10 [0.98, 1.01]

0.82

SBP

10,359

3029

1.01 [1.01, 1.01]

< 0.001

1.01 [1.01, 1.02]

< 0.001

Income

11,433

3470

0.02

0.05

Low (≤ Q1) vs High (≥ Q3)

1.45 [1.11, 1.89]

< 0.01

1.57 [1.09, 2.26]

0.02

Medium (Q1, Q3) vs High (≥ Q3)

1.23 [0.97, 1.55]

0.08

1.29 [0.96, 1.73]

0.09

Race

11,417

3457

< 0.001

< 0.001

Black vs White

1.61 [1.24, 2.09]

< 0.001

1.09 [0.78, 1.52]

0.63

Unknown/other/mixed vs White

0.65 [0.48, 0.90]

< 0.01

0.46 [0.30, 0.70]

< 0.001

Ethnicity

11,409

3453

< 0.01

0.16

Non-Hispanic vs Hispanic

0.65 [0.39, 1.08]

0.10

0.62 [0.31, 1.27]

0.19

Unknown/refused vs Hispanic

0.37 [0.20, 0.70]

< 0.01

0.43 [0.18, 1.03]

0.06

Payor

11,433

3470

< 0.001

0.04

BCBS vs Other commercial

0.71 [0.55, 0.92]

0.01

0.80 [0.55, 1.17]

0.25

BCN vs Other commercial

0.89 [0.67, 1.18]

0.41

0.69 [0.47, 1.01]

0.05

Medicaid vs Other commercial

3.03 [1.55, 5.92]

0.001

2.55 [0.93, 6.99]

0.07

Medicare vs Other commercial

0.80 [0.63, 1.01]

0.06

0.97 [0.68, 1.39]

0.86