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- History of childhood head/neck irradiation [113]
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- Total body irradiation for bone marrow transplantation [114]
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- Exposure to ionizing radiation from fallout in childhood or adolescence [115, 116]
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- Family history of PTC, MTC, or thyroid cancer syndrome (e.g., Cowden’s syndrome, familial polyposis, Carney complex, multiple endocrine neoplasia [MEN] 2, Werner syndrome) [117]
|
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- Enlarging nodule/rapid nodule growth
|
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- Cervical lymphadenopathy
|
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- Fixed nodule to surrounding tissue
|
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- Vocal cord paralysis/hoarseness
|
